There is no standardized screening process for the detection of ovarian cancer. However, if your doctor suspects, after reviewing any symptoms you have, that you may have ovarian cancer, he will suggest that you take one or more of the following diagnostic procedures:
A pelvic examination. in this procedure, your doctor examines your vagina, uterus, rectum and pelvis, including your ovaries, for masses or growths. If you've had your uterus removed (hysterectomy) but still have your ovaries, continue getting regular pelvic exams.
An ultrasound. Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the inside of the body. Pelvic ultrasound provides a safe, noninvasive way to evaluate the size, shape and configuration of the ovaries.
Ultrasound can't reliably differentiate a cancerous growth from one that's not cancerous. Ultrasound can also detect fluid in your abdominal cavity, a possible sign of ovarian cancer. Because this develops in many conditions other than ovarian cancer, however, its presence necessitates more testing.
A CA 125 blood test. CA 125 is a protein made by your body in response to many different conditions. Many women with ovarian cancer have abnormally high levels of CA 125 in their blood. However, a number of noncancerous conditions also cause elevated CA 125 levels, and many women with early-stage ovarian cancer have normal CA 125 levels. Due to this lack of specifics, this test is not a regular procedure for average risk women.
There are other tests you may take including, computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which both provide detailed, cross-sectional images of the inside of your body. Your doctor also may order a chest X-ray to determine if cancer has spread to the lungs or to the pleural space surrounding the lungs, where fluid can accumulate.
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