The cervical cancer vaccine

Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor of the cervix or cervical area. Symptoms often are not visible until the cancer is advanced, although some cases present with vaginal bleeding, vaginal discharge or odor. Due to the lack of clear symptoms in women between 25 and 49 are invited for a smear every three years.

Diagnosis

The Pap test istake a sample of cervical cells and examined for abnormalities. If anomalies are found, this is not necessarily indicative of cancer. If an abnormal smear is taken, the person will go to a gynecologist for a colposcopy which is an internal vaginal examination. This can sometimes lead to a biopsy, where a sample of tissue for examination under a microscope.

HPV

Cancer is a change in the DNA of the cells toreplication and growth becomes unregulated. The reasons for this are common and include the human papilloma virus (HPV), smoking, number of children and more. HPV is the main cause of cervical cancer by more than 99% of cases, is associated with infection. HPV can remain dormant in the body's mucous membranes and ultimately lead to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, which is the first stage of cancer. HPV does not always cause cancer, but is an importantrisk factors. HPV spreads through sexual intercourse and women with multiple partners are at increased risk.

HPV Vaccine

September 2008 has been a recent movement to vaccinate girls aged 12 to 13 against two strains of HPV that are also thought to be involved in causing cancer. This is three injections over six months routinely in schools.

There has been some controversy about the new program. As with any vaccine, thereSome possible side effects. Most of these are mild and may include some mild flu-like symptoms, or swelling. However, there is a small possibility that the vaccine may experience a more severe allergic reaction that causes anaphylactic shock. Special to the vaccine has been some fear that the administration of a vaccine against a sexually transmitted virus, which could encourage sexual promiscuity and apathy against sexually transmitted diseases. Some argue that the cost ofThe vaccination program is not justifiable when the infection can be prevented with safer sex practices.

A girl died suddenly shortly after receiving the vaccination at a school in Coventry. So far there is no link between the vaccine and confirmed his death, but vaccination programs have been closed until the result can be determined. Since the program of 1.8 million girls have received the vaccine and no other deaths were reported. Other girls in thevaccines in the same school also reported side effects, but none required hospitalization. This has reignited the debate about the vaccine and whether it should be given to everyone.

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